Citation format in research paper

(It is in research paper, recommended that you print this document for writing your reference.) MKTG 310: MARKETING RESEARCH (In-class) Instructor: Dr. Format In Research Paper! Michael Hyman. Wells Fargo Professor of Marketing. New Mexico State University. Voice Phone: 646-5238. Fax: 646-1498 (office) MKTG 310 addresses the use of marketing research as an aid to academic and behavioral, making marketing decisions; specifically, how the in research, information used to essays, make marketing decisions is gathered and analyzed. Accordingly, MKTG 310 is citation format, appropriate for both prospective users of china eastern seat, research results and prospective marketing researchers. After this course, you should: be able to translate a marketing problem into a feasible research question; appreciate marketing research as a process that involves a sequence of activities, each compatible with the preceding activities; have a general understanding of the citation paper, strengths and weaknesses of alternative research designs; be aware of the many sources of marketing information and the various means for social and behavioral sciences gathering such information; be more sensitive to the biases and in research paper, limitations of marketing data and basic data analysis; have a general understanding of univariate and basic bivariate data analysis techniques (i.e., should be able to decide when a technique is appropriate and understand the the features, managerial implications of analytical results); and be able to design and citation, execute a basic survey research project. Recommended Textbook and Texts. There is no required textbook for the in-class version of MKTG 310. That said, the current textbook most consistent with Dr. Hyman's PowerPoint lectures--available either online or via DVD--is: Exploring Marketing Research, 8 th edition , by William G. Zikmund, Thomson/South-Western, 2003. If you find that reading a textbook helps you to better understand course lectures, then any edition of the Zikmund textbook from the 5th edition onwards should be of value. Papers! Used copies of the 5th through 7th edition should be available from an online textbook seller--such as Bigwords.com, eCampus.com, VarsityBooks.com, or efolletts.com--at little cost. Two of Dr. Hyman's PowerPoint lectures draw extensively from the following texts, which are not required for successful completion of MKTG 310: How to Lie with Charts , by Gerald E. Jones, Sybex, 1995. Mail and paper, Internet Surveys: The Tailored Design Method, 2 nd edition , by courses in college Don A. In Research Paper! Dillman, Wiley, 1999. Students who want to improve their exam-taking skills may benefit from reading the following book: Exam Success , by David McIlroy, Sage Publications, 2005. These excellent desk references serve as optional readings that may be purchased from any online book vendor. Access to all course materials other than the monism, recommended textbook and texts requires a Microsoft Windows-based PC with the following features: A sound card Speaker(s) or headset (mono playback is acceptable) An internet connection A DVD player (if optional DVD is purchased) In addition, the following software is required or recommended: Installation programs for the free reader or players listed above are hyperlinked to the above program names. Because all exams are administered over WebCT, an citation format in research paper internet connection is required. Non-textbook-related course content is available either online or via a DVD; viewing some of this content requires Adobe Acrobat Reader and either Real Media Player or MS Windows Media Player. Optional DVD Version of airlines seat, Non-textbook Course Content. An optional DVD version of the non-textbook content of MKTG 310 is provided as a courtesy to citation, students who may have difficulty accessing the course's large electronic files over book for high, a slow Internet connection (or who want a personal copy). Because of issues related to profiting from DVD sales, DVD production and sales are handled by the NMSU student chapter of the American Marketing Association. Please contact the student chapter or its advisor, Dr. Michelle Jasso (jasso@nmsu.edu), for a copy of the DVD. Alternatively, you can create your own DVD. WebCT cannot accommodate 4 gigabyte files--the size of the citation, .iso file with the the features, DVD image. Instead, an archive (zip) file was created and then split into five subfiles. To download these subfiles (M310.z1; M310.z2; M310.z3; M310.z4, and citation format in research paper, M310.zip), click on the appropriate icons in WebCT. After you've downloaded all five files, open the file named M310.zip with your archiving software (such as WinZip; a copy is downloadable from WebCT). When you try to extract the file named m310_DVD.iso, your archiving software should combine the five subfiles. Then use your DVD-burning software to china eastern assignment, create a DVD from that roughly 4 gigabyte .iso file. (Note: Due to limited space on citation format in research the College of Business server, only the DVD subfiles for tuck 2009 the in-class version of MKTG 310 are available online. The PowerPoint lectures, ancillary readings, and videos are identical between the in-class and online versions. If you are enrolled in the online version of MKTG 310, please make sure that you are completing its course requirements.) The DVD is meant to run on a PC, not a TV DVD player. It's not like a movie DVD that runs automatically. Citation Format! The files on the DVD are in html, PowerPoint (pps), Adobe Acrobat (pdf), and Windows Media Player (wmv and mpg) formats. To run the research vs dualism, DVD, place it in a DVD drive of format paper, a PC and run the file named m310syl.htm (in your browser). What will appear on your PC monitor is identical to this syllabus, which is posted on WebCT and mirrored on Dr. Hyman's personal home page (http://business.nmsu.edu/ mhyman) at NMSU. (Note: The DVD cannot be read by a PC with a CD-only drive.) The exams--consisting of 60 objective items--are limited to material assigned since the previous exam. (In other words, the research papers monism vs dualism, exams for citation format in research paper each module are limited to the content of each module.) The additional readings and videos are intended as supplementary materials; thus, all exam questions are based on the instructor's PowerPoint lectures. Seat Assignment! All exams will be administered over WebCT. You must answer each exam question in format in research, turn, i.e., you will be unable to return to a skipped question . Exams must be taken during scheduled class time. There is a 70-minute window for completing each exam; WebCT will not grade any questions answered after that period. You will have two opportunities to take an exam over each of the five course modules, typically on consecutive Wednesdays. Only your highest score on the two attempts will count toward your final grade . If your score on the first attempt is acceptable to you, then you may skip the subsequent attempt. Your grade will be posted on WebCT. MKTG 310 is more like an accounting course than a marketing course in that MKTG 310 is very detail-oriented. Success in in the sciences, most marketing courses relies on your ability to apply basic principles. In contrast, success in most accounting courses requires you to master a large set of specific rules. (This is a broad, but essentially fair, characterization.) The value of citation paper, a marketing research study is only as great as its weakest aspect. The findings of a such a study will be of limited, if any, use to a marketing manager unless (1) the research papers, correct problem is identified, (2) the correct research questions are asked, (3) a proper study is designed, (4) a proper population is sampled, (5) a proper data analysis is performed, and (6) a proper evaluation of that analysis is made and reported. In Research! Unfortunately, the devil is in the details when it comes to china eastern seat assignment, marketing research. Hence, the detailed knowledge required to perform well on MKTG 310 exams may be unexpected given your previous experience with marketing courses. To ensure that students receive the grade they deserve, extra credit is format paper, awarded to students who identify problematic questions. Reports For High School Students! For the in research paper, opportunity to receive extra credit, you must e-mail Dr. Hyman (mhyman@nmsu.edu) and explain your reason(s) for believing a question is problematic. If he finds your reasoning sound, then you will receive extra credit equivalent to coursework in the social and behavioral sciences, answering that question correctly on an exam. (Note: Extra credit is awarded for identifying a problematic question on any administered exam; it is format, not limited to monism vs dualism, the exam on which you received the highest score.) Marketing Research Project. Groups comprised of citation, no more than four students will conduct a marketing research project. Although the sciences, client for your research may cover your expenses (e.g., photocopying costs), neither you nor Dr. Hyman are meant to earn a profit from your research efforts. (However, your client is permitted to give an honorarium to NMSU's Marketing Department, the Professional Golf Management Program, or the student chapter of the American Marketing Association.) A typical project would include the following tasks: formulate a research problem, design a questionnaire, select a sample frame, collect respondent data, enter respondent data into a computerized spreadsheet, analyze respondent data with statistical software, write a research report, and make a brief, in-class presentation. At a minimum, your research proposal should include the following content: the names of all group members, a brief description of your overall research problem, at in research paper least six specific research questions, and a brief description of your proposed sample. Although Dr. Research Monism! Hyman will explain his expectations regarding data analysis and the format of your research report during the semester, at citation format a minimum all reports should include the following content: a cover page with project title and names of all co-researchers; a letter of transmittal; a table of contents; an introduction to the research problem and research questions; a discussion about data collection that addresses the questions who, when, where , and how ; a basic descriptive statistical analysis and interpretation of seat assignment, collected data, which should include response frequencies, basic summary statistics (e.g., mean, range), and citation in research, meaningful subgroup comparisons consistent with one or more research questions; at least three cross-tabulation tables with proper chi-square statistics and interpretations; a conclusion and recommendation based on of essay writing the data analysis and interpretation; an extensive discussion about study limitations and lessons learned; an appendix containing the research proposal; an citation format appendix containing the questionnaire used for data collection; and an appendix containing basic SPSS frequency output with descriptive statistics (e.g., mean, range). Simple graphical displays, such as pie and bar charts, are optional. Copies of many sample questionnaires are attached to this syllabus under the topic Questionnaires and Instruments (see the academic in the, last topic under Module 2 below). For copies of sample reports, you might check the Burger King, Snuggles Dog Biscuit, Resident Assistant, Merrill Lynch, Joining a Greek Organization, and Obesity studies. (A sample questionnaire appears in citation paper, an appendix of creative, each report.) All these sample files are in pdf format. (Note: Pages have been omitted from some reports to conserve space.) In addition, the DVD bundled with your textbook includes a sample questionnaire and citation format in research paper, report. You should use SPSS for Windows to analyze your survey data (although a spreadsheet program such as Excel may be used for data entry). This statistical package is installed on select PCs in the BC computer lab and the BC Marketing Suite (BC 208). Essays! In addition, two trial copies of SPSS are linked to Module 5 of in research paper, this syllabus. Writing Courses In College! (Unfortunately, high site license costs preclude installing SPSS on more than a few NMSU PCs.) Finally, you may make a brief, in-class presentation during the in research, last week of the creative, course. Groups will be self selected to minimize the number of dysfunctional ones. Even so, a free rider may occasionally try to take advantage of other group members. To address a free rider problem, a group may fire one or more members until Monday, October 30th. Citation! After that date, group membership is permanent. And Behavioral! To replace the entire project grade (25% of the total grade), a fired group member must write an in research extensive (roughly 25 page) library/secondary-data-based research report related to marketing research. That report is due on Monday, December 4th. Research Reports: Assignment Schedule. The schedule for your research projects is as follows: Submission of first drafts is optional. Tuck 2009! However, Dr. Citation Format Paper! Hyman will not provide ungraded feedback for drafts submitted after the draft due date unless you and eastern airlines, he agree on an alternative date. Drafts must be submitted as Word or WordPerfect file attachments to an e-mail message. Final versions may be submitted as hard copies, but Word or WordPerfect file attachments to an e-mail message are preferred. Note: For each day that the final version of your research report is late, Dr. Hyman will reduce the grade on it by one letter grade unless you provide an acceptable excuse. Your course grade will be computed as follows: Highest score on citation Exam #1. September 13th and 20th. Highest score on Exam #2. October 4th and 11th. Highest score on Exam #3. October 18th and 25th. Highest score on research papers vs dualism Exam #4. November 8th and 15th. Highest score on citation format paper Exam #5. December 6th and book school students, 13th. Research project (Research proposal, questionnaire, data collection, written report, and format in research paper, in-class presentation) The grading scale is as follows: A student with an 80.0% or higher average on the best exam score for each of the five modules and research project earns an creative courses 'A', a student with a 70.0% or higher average on the best exam score for each of the five modules and research project earns a 'B', et cetera. Up to citation, three points of extra credit--based on completion of an optional ethics assessment survey and score on creative courses a statistics homework assignment--may be earned. Citation Paper! In other words, there is a 13 point curve for the course grade relative to the standard 90/80/70/60% grading scale. (Please do not request that grades be curved further.) Dr. Hyman may use e-mail to make course-related announcements. Unless otherwise indicated, he will use your NMSU e-mail address. (Note: E-mail providers such as Yahoo and research papers vs dualism, Hotmail frequently block e-mails from NMSU addresses.) Students should not use the e-mail facility in WebCT to communicate with Dr. Hyman because he rarely checks that e-mail account. This course is divided into five modules. Basically, these five modules cover the following topics: introduction to marketing research, questionnaire design, non-survey-based research and research designs, sampling, research ethics, and research report writing, and simple data analysis. All lectures, which are in PowerPoint format, are available either online or from the course DVD. PowerPoint (PPT) presentations designated below by the word Textbook were created by the authors of the textbook for citation format paper the online version of MKTG 310; presentations designated below by the word Instructor were created by Dr. Hyman. Book Reports For High Students! The Instructor presentations include both jpg insertions and in research paper, audio clips (i.e., pre-recorded discussions of slides by Dr. Hyman). Although adding such content to Dr. 2009! Hyman's PowerPoint presentations allows asynchronous delivery of lectures, such content also greatly increases the size of PowerPoint presentations. Paper! As a result, some of the Instructor presentation files are 30+ megabytes, which take roughly 90 minutes to download via a 56k modem. Airlines! Thus, you should only use a broadband Internet connection to access these files online. If you do not have a copy of PowerPoint and if your browser cannot handle PowerPoint files, then click on this hyperlink for in research the file reader installation program. (Note: This reader was downloaded from the Microsoft web site.) The articles, book excerpts, and samples are pdf files, which may be viewed and printed via Adobe Acrobat reader. If you do not have a copy, click on this hyperlink for tuck 2009 the installation program. To play the citation format in research paper, video (wmv or mpg) files available either online or from the the features of essay writing, course DVD, a copy of either Real Media Player or MS Windows Media Player must be installed on your PC. Although both players are free, the format, latter is "only available to customers running genuine Microsoft Windows " (quote from Microsoft website). Wednesdays are reserved for book reports students studying and in research, taking exams. As all exams are administered over WebCT during class time, Dr. Writing Courses! Hyman will monitor students' efforts from his office PC. Citation In Research! (In other words, Dr. Academic Coursework Sciences! Hyman will not visit BC 103 on Wednesdays unless noted otherwise.) Mondays are reserved for Q&A over the course materials and for citation working on the group research project. Attendance will be taken on Mondays as a way to monitor students' involvement on vs dualism that project. Please note that there is no class meeting on the following Mondays: September 4th (Labor Day) and November 20th (Thanksgiving holiday). DVD/Video items denoted by DVD: are .mpg files on citation in research paper the DVD bundled with the textbook assigned to the online version of MKTG 310. These files are roughly 125 megabytes. All other DVD/Video items are .wmv files hyperlinked to this syllabus. Although most .wmv files are from 20 to 30 megabytes, one is more than 42 megabytes. Regardless, you should only use a broadband Internet connection to access these files online. Student DVD--Additional Chapter-Related Material articles from Marketing News (a bi-monthly publication of the American Marketing Association), and articles from Marketing Research (a quarterly publication of the American Marketing Association). Articles, book excerpts, and tuck 2009, samples are pdf files and available by left clicking the appropriate hyperlink. These files may be viewed and format, printed with Adobe Acrobat reader. Most of these files are less than 1 megabyte. Although the the features of essay, additional (i.e., non-textbook) readings and DVD/Video content provide excellent supplements to the instructor's PowerPoint lectures, no exam question is based exclusively on those supplements. Link to Online Sampling Tutorials: Link to paper, Online Chi-square and Graphics Tutorials: SPSS v6 Tutorial by Instructor: Links to Online Statistics Tutorials: Bonus Material: Multivariate Statistics. (Note: All articles linked to this topic are free downloads from the Sawtooth Software web site.) Dropping the Course . Although Dr. Hyman may drop students administratively, students remain responsible for dropping this course. Incomplete Grades . Under university policy, you may only writing courses in college, receive an 'I' grade if you have a passing grade at citation paper mid-semester (the last day to withdraw from assignment a class) and citation format in research paper, are precluded from successful completion of the second half of the essays, course by a documented illness, documented death, family crisis, or other similar circumstances beyond your control. An incomplete cannot be given to avoid assigning a grade for marginal or failing work. Requirements for removal of an 'I' grade will be clearly stated on citation format the 'I' grade form and research papers monism vs dualism, you will receive a copy of that form. Format In Research! Incompletes do not automatically convert to 'F's if the course is research monism, not completed. Cheating . Cheating is defined as (1) submitting another person's work as your own work, or (2) using any external source to answer exam questions. Any student caught cheating on an assignment or exam will receive a permanent 0 (zero) for that assignment or exam. Students with Disabilities . If you have or believe you have a disability and would benefit from any accommodations, you may wish to self-identify by contacting the Services for Students with Disabilities (SSD) Office located in Garcia Annex (phone: 646-6840). If you have already registered, please make sure that your instructor receives a copy of the accommodation memorandum from SSD within the first week of classes. It is format in research paper, your responsibility to inform either your instructor or SSD representative in a timely manner if services/accommodations provided are not meeting your needs. Feel free to call Jerry Nevarez, Director of research vs dualism, Institutional Equity, at 505-646-3635 with any questions you may have about NMSU's Non-Discrimination Policy and citation in research paper, complaints of discrimination, including sexual harassment.

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By Angel Borja, PhD Posted on 24 June 2014. In this monthly series, Dr. Angel Borja draws on his extensive background as an author, reviewer and editor to give advice on citation paper, preparing the manuscript (author's view), the evaluation process (reviewer's view) and what there is to writing hate or love in a paper (editor's view). This article is the second in the series. The first article was: "Six things to citation in research do before writing your manuscript."[divider] Dr. Angel Borja is Head of Projects at for high school students, AZTI-Tecnalia, a research center in the Basque Country in Spain specializing in marine research and food technologies. Formerly he was also Head of the Department of Oceanography and citation in research paper, Head of the Marine Management Area. His main topic of investigation is marine ecology, and has published more than 270 contributions, from which 150 are in over 40 peer-reviewed journals, through his long career of book for high school students 32 years of research. During this time he has investigated in multiple topics and ecosystem components, having an ample and format in research, multidisciplinary view of academic coursework in the and behavioral sciences marine research. Read more about his work on ResearchGate, ORCID and LinkedIn, and in research paper, follow him on Twitter (@AngelBorjaYerro). When you organize your manuscript, the first thing to consider is coursework in the sciences, that the format paper order of sections will be very different than the order of essays items on format in research paper, you checklist. An article begins with the Title, Abstract and Keywords. The article text follows the tuck 2009 IMRAD format, which responds to the questions below: The main text is followed by the Conclusion, Acknowledgements, References and Supporting Materials. While this is the published structure, however, we often use a different order when writing. Steps to organizing your manuscript. Prepare the citation in research figures and writing courses, tables . Write the Methods . Write up the Results . Format In Research Paper! Write the Discussion . For High Students! Finalize the Results and citation format in research, Discussion before writing the introduction. This is 2009 essays, because, if the discussion is insufficient, how can you objectively demonstrate the scientific significance of your work in the introduction? Write a clear Conclusion . Write a compelling introduction . Write the Abstract . Compose a concise and descriptive Title . Format! Select Keywords for indexing. Write the Acknowledgements . Write up the References . Next, I'll review each step in academic coursework in the sciences more detail. But before you set out to write a paper, there are two important things you should do that will set the groundwork for the entire process. The topic to be studied should be the first issue to paper be solved. Define your hypothesis and objectives (These will go in the Introduction.) Review the coursework sciences literature related to the topic and select some papers (about 30) that can be cited in your paper (These will be listed in in research the References.) Finally, keep in mind that each publisher has its own style guidelines and preferences, so always consult the and behavioral publisher's Guide for Authors.[divider] Step 1: Prepare the figures and tables. Remember that "a figure is worth a thousand words." Hence, illustrations, including figures and tables, are the most efficient way to present your results. Your data are the driving force of the paper, so your illustrations are critical! How do you decide between presenting your data as tables or figures? Generally, tables give the actual experimental results, while figures are often used for comparisons of experimental results with those of previous works, or with calculated/theoretical values (Figure 1). Whatever your choice is, no illustrations should duplicate the information described elsewhere in the manuscript. Another important factor: figure and table legends must be self-explanatory (Figure 2). When presenting your tables and figures, appearances count! To this end: Avoid crowded plots (Figure 3), using only three or four data sets per citation format figure; use well-selected scales. Think about appropriate axis label size Include clear symbols and data sets that are easy to distinguish. Never include long boring tables (e.g., chemical compositions of emulsion systems or lists of species and abundances). You can include them as supplementary material. If you are using photographs, each must have a scale marker, or scale bar, of professional quality in creative one corner. In photographs and figures, use color only format when necessary when submitting to a print publication. If different line styles can clarify the tuck meaning, never use colors or other thrilling effects or you will be charged with expensive fees. Of course, this does not apply to online journals. For many journals, you can submit duplicate figures: one in color for the online version of the journal and pdfs, and another in citation format paper black and white for the hardcopy journal (Figure 4). Another common problem is the misuse of lines and histograms. Lines joining data only can be used when presenting time series or consecutive samples data (e.g., in china eastern assignment a transect from coast to offshore in Figure 5). However, when there is no connection between samples or there is not a gradient, you must use histograms (Figure 5). Sometimes, fonts are too small for the journal. You must take this into account, or they may be illegible to readers (Figure 6). Finally, you must pay attention to the use of decimals, lines, etc. (Figure 7) This section responds to the question of how the problem was studied. If your paper is proposing a new method, you need to include detailed information so a knowledgeable reader can reproduce the experiment. However, do not repeat the details of established methods; use References and Supporting Materials to indicate the previously published procedures. Broad summaries or key references are sufficient. Again, look at the journal's Guide for Authors, but an ideal length for a manuscript is citation in research paper, 25 to airlines 40 pages, double spaced, including essential data only. Here are some general guidelines: Reviewers will criticize incomplete or incorrect methods descriptions and may recommend rejection, because this section is critical in the process of reproducing your investigation. In this way, all chemicals must be identified. Do not use proprietary, unidentifiable compounds. To this end, it's important to use standard systems for numbers and in research paper, nomenclature. 2009! For example: Present proper control experiments and citation in research, statistics used, again to make the experiment of tuck 2009 essays investigation repeatable. List the methods in the same order they will appear in the Results section, in the logical order in which you did the research: Description of the citation in research site Description of the surveys or experiments done, giving information on dates, etc. Description of the laboratory methods, including separation or treatment of samples, analytical methods, following the order of tuck 2009 essays waters, sediments and biomonitors. If you have worked with different biodiversity components start from the simplest (i.e. microbes) to format paper the more complex (i.e. Airlines! mammals) Description of the in research statistical methods used (including confidence levels, etc.) In this section, avoid adding comments, results, and discussion, which is research papers monism, a common error.[divider] This section responds to the question "What have you found?" Hence, only representative results from your research should be presented. The results should be essential for discussion. Indicate the statistical tests used with all relevant parameters: e.g., mean and standard deviation (SD): 44% (±3); median and interpercentile range: 7 years (4.5 to 9.5 years). Use mean and standard deviation to report normally distributed data. Use median and interpercentile range to report skewed data. Format In Research Paper! For numbers, use two significant digits unless more precision is coursework social, necessary (2.08, not 2.07856444). Never use percentages for very small samples e.g., "one out of two" should not be replaced by 50%. However, remember that most journals offer the possibility of adding Supporting Materials, so use them freely for data of secondary importance. In this way, do not attempt to "hide" data in the hope of saving it for a later paper. You may lose evidence to reinforce your conclusion. If data are too abundant, you can use those supplementary materials. Use sub-headings to keep results of the same type together, which is easier to review and read. Number these sub-sections for the convenience of internal cross-referencing, but always taking into account the publisher's Guide for Authors. For the data, decide on a logical order that tells a clear story and makes it and easy to understand. Citation Format In Research! Generally, this will be in the same order as presented in the methods section. An important issue is that you must not include references in this section; you are presenting your results, so you cannot refer to book reports students others here. If you refer to others, is because you are discussing your results, and this must be included in the Discussion section.[divider] Here you must respond to what the results mean. Probably it is the easiest section to write, but the hardest section to get right. This is format paper, because it is the most important section of your article. Here you get the chance to essays sell your data. Take into account that a huge numbers of manuscripts are rejected because the format paper Discussion is weak. You need to make the Discussion corresponding to the Results, but do not reiterate the results. Here you need to compare the published results by your colleagues with yours (using some of the references included in the Introduction). Never ignore work in disagreement with yours, in turn, you must confront it and convince the reader that you are correct or better. Take into account the following tips: 1. Avoid statements that go beyond what the results can support. 2. Academic In The And Behavioral! Avoid unspecific expressions such as "higher temperature", "at a lower rate", "highly significant". Quantitative descriptions are always preferred (35ºC, 0.5%, p<0.001, respectively). 3. Avoid sudden introduction of new terms or ideas; you must present everything in the introduction, to citation in research be confronted with your results here. 4. Speculations on possible interpretations are allowed, but these should be rooted in of essay writing fact, rather than imagination. Citation Paper! To achieve good interpretations think about: How do these results relate to the original question or objectives outlined in the Introduction section? Do the research monism data support your hypothesis? Are your results consistent with what other investigators have reported? Discuss weaknesses and discrepancies. If your results were unexpected, try to explain why Is there another way to interpret your results? What further research would be necessary to answer the questions raised by in research, your results? Explain what is new without exaggerating. 5. Revision of Results and Discussion is in the and behavioral sciences, not just paper work. You may do further experiments, derivations, or simulations. Citation Format In Research! Sometimes you cannot clarify your idea in words because some critical items have not been studied substantially.[divider] This section shows how the work advances the coursework in the social and behavioral field from the present state of knowledge. In some journals, it's a separate section; in others, it's the format paper last paragraph of the Discussion section. Whatever the papers vs dualism case, without a clear conclusion section, reviewers and readers will find it difficult to judge your work and whether it merits publication in the journal. A common error in this section is repeating the abstract, or just listing experimental results. Trivial statements of your results are unacceptable in this section. You should provide a clear scientific justification for your work in this section, and indicate uses and extensions if appropriate. Moreover, you can suggest future experiments and point out those that are underway. You can propose present global and citation format in research, specific conclusions, in creative writing in college relation to the objectives included in the introduction.[divider] Step 6: Write a compelling Introduction. This is your opportunity to convince readers that you clearly know why your work is useful. A good introduction should answer the following questions: What is the problem to be solved? Are there any existing solutions? Which is the best? What is its main limitation? What do you hope to achieve? Editors like to citation format see that you have provided a perspective consistent with the nature of the journal. You need to introduce the airlines assignment main scientific publications on which your work is based, citing a couple of format in research paper original and important works, including recent review articles. However, editors hate improper citations of too many references irrelevant to the work, or inappropriate judgments on china airlines seat, your own achievements. They will think you have no sense of purpose. Here are some additional tips for the introduction: Never use more words than necessary (be concise and to-the-point). Don't make this section into a history lesson. Long introductions put readers off. We all know that you are keen to present your new data. But do not forget that you need to paper give the whole picture at first. The introduction must be organized from the global to the particular point of view, guiding the readers to your objectives when writing this paper. State the purpose of the paper and research strategy adopted to answer the question, but do not mix introduction with results, discussion and conclusion. Always keep them separate to monism ensure that the manuscript flows logically from one section to the next. Citation Format In Research! Hypothesis and objectives must be clearly remarked at the end of the introduction. Expressions such as "novel," "first time," "first ever," and airlines assignment, "paradigm-changing" are not preferred. Use them sparingly. The abstract tells prospective readers what you did and what the citation format important findings in your research were. Together with the title, it's the advertisement of tuck essays your article. Make it interesting and easily understood without reading the whole article. Avoid using jargon, uncommon abbreviations and references. You must be accurate, using the words that convey the precise meaning of your research. The abstract provides a short description of the perspective and purpose of your paper. Format In Research! It gives key results but minimizes experimental details. It is very important to remind that the academic in the social and behavioral abstract offers a short description of the interpretation/conclusion in the last sentence. A clear abstract will strongly influence whether or not your work is further considered. However, the abstracts must be keep as brief as possible. Just check the 'Guide for authors' of the journal, but normally they have less than 250 words. Here's a good example on a short abstract. What has been done? "In recent years, several benthic biotic indices have been proposed to be used as ecological indicators in estuarine and coastal waters. One such indicator, the paper AMBI (AZTI Marine Biotic Index), was designed to establish the ecological quality of European coasts. The AMBI has been used also for writing, the determination of the ecological quality status within the context of the European Water Framework Directive. In this contribution, 38 different applications including six new case studies (hypoxia processes, sand extraction, oil platform impacts, engineering works, dredging and fish aquaculture) are presented." What are the main findings? "The results show the response of the benthic communities to different disturbance sources in citation format a simple way. Those communities act as ecological indicators of the creative 'health' of the system, indicating clearly the gradient associated with the disturbance." Step 8: Compose a concise and descriptive title. The title must explain what the paper is broadly about. It is your first (and probably only) opportunity to attract the reader's attention. In this way, remember that the first readers are the Editor and the referees. Also, readers are the potential authors who will cite your article, so the first impression is powerful! We are all flooded by in research paper, publications, and readers don't have time to read all scientific production. They must be selective, and this selection often comes from the title. Reviewers will check whether the title is specific and the features of essay, whether it reflects the citation format content of the manuscript. Editors hate titles that make no sense or fail to represent the research papers monism vs dualism subject matter adequately. Hence, keep the title informative and concise (clear, descriptive, and format, not too long). You must avoid technical jargon and abbreviations, if possible. Book Reports For High Students! This is format paper, because you need to attract a readership as large as possible. Dedicate some time to think about the title and discuss it with your co-authors. Here you can see some examples of original titles, and how they were changed after reviews and comments to them: Original title: Preliminary observations on the effect of salinity on benthic community distribution within a estuarine system, in the North Sea Revised title: Effect of salinity on benthic distribution within the Scheldt estuary (North Sea) Comments: Long title distracts readers. Remove all redundancies such as "studies on," "the nature of," etc. Never use expressions such as "preliminary." Be precise. Original title: Action of antibiotics on bacteria Revised title: Inhibition of growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by streptomycin Comments: Titles should be specific. Think about "how will I search for this piece of information" when you design the title. Original title: Fabrication of carbon/CdS coaxial nanofibers displaying optical and electrical properties via electrospinning carbon Revised title: Electrospinning of research vs dualism carbon/CdS coaxial nanofibers with optical and electrical properties Comments: "English needs help. The title is nonsense. All materials have properties of format paper all varieties. You could examine my hair for papers monism vs dualism, its electrical and optical properties! You MUST be specific. In Research! I haven't read the writing in college paper but I suspect there is something special about citation these properties, otherwise why would you be reporting them?" – the Editor-in-Chief. Try to avoid this kind of for high school students response! [divider] Step 9: Select keywords for indexing. Keywords are used for indexing your paper. They are the paper label of your manuscript. It is true that now they are less used by writing, journals because you can search the whole text. However, when looking for keywords, avoid words with a broad meaning and words already included in the title. Some journals require that the format paper keywords are not those from the journal name, because it is implicit that the the features writing topic is that. For example, the journal Soil Biology & Biochemistry requires that the word "soil" not be selected as a keyword. Only abbreviations firmly established in the field are eligible (e.g., TOC, CTD), avoiding those which are not broadly used (e.g., EBA, MMI). Again, check the Guide for Authors and format in research paper, look at the number of academic coursework social sciences keywords admitted, label, definitions, thesaurus, range, and other special requests. [divider] Step 10: Write the Acknowledgements. Here, you can thank people who have contributed to the manuscript but not to the extent where that would justify authorship. For example, here you can include technical help and citation format paper, assistance with writing and proofreading. Probably, the most important thing is to thank your funding agency or the agency giving you a grant or fellowship. In the case of European projects, do not forget to creative in college include the grant number or reference. Also, some institutes include the number of publications of the citation in research paper organization, e.g., "This is publication number 657 from AZTI-Tecnalia."[divider] Typically, there are more mistakes in the references than in any other part of the manuscript. It is one of the most annoying problems, and academic in the, causes great headaches among editors. Now, it is easier since to avoid these problem, because there are many available tools. In the text, you must cite all the scientific publications on format in research, which your work is research papers vs dualism, based. Format In Research! But do not over-inflate the manuscript with too many references – it doesn't make a better manuscript! Avoid excessive self-citations and excessive citations of publications from the same region. Minimize personal communications, do not include unpublished observations, manuscripts submitted but not yet accepted for eastern airlines assignment, publication, publications that are not peer reviewed, grey literature, or articles not published in English. You can use any software, such as EndNote or Mendeley, to format and include your references in the paper. Most journals have now the citation format in research paper possibility to download small files with the 2009 essays format of the references, allowing you to change it automatically. Also, Elsevier's Your Paper Your Way program waves strict formatting requirements for the initial submission of a manuscript as long as it contains all the citation essential elements being presented here. Make the reference list and creative writing, the in-text citation conform strictly to the style given in the Guide for Authors. Remember that presentation of the in research references in the correct format is the responsibility of the author, not the editor. Checking the format is normally a large job for the editors. Make their work easier and they will appreciate the effort. Finally, check the following: Spelling of author names Year of publications Usages of "et al." Punctuation Whether all references are included. In my next article, I will give tips for writing the manuscript, authorship, and how to the features write a compelling cover letter. Stay tuned![divider] I have based this paper on the materials distributed to citation in research paper the attendees of of essay many courses. It is inspired by many Guides for Authors of Elsevier journals. Some of this information is also featured in Elsevier's Publishing Connect tutorials. In addition, I have consulted several web pages: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/, www.physics.ohio-state.edu/ I want to acknowledge Dr. Christiane Barranguet, Executive Publisher of citation paper Aquatic Sciences at creative in college, Elsevier, for her continuous support. And I would like to thank Dr. Alison Bert, Editor-in-Chief of Elsevier Connect; without her assistance, this series would have been impossible to complete. In this new series — “How to citation format in research Prepare a Manuscript for International Journals” — a seasoned editor gives advice to boost your chances of acceptance. A student writes about the inspiration behind his model for of essay, earthquake prediction – and what he learned on his (“tedious but worth it”) journey to publication. What they don’t always tell you before you sign up for format in research, graduate school. The ideal research program you envision is not what it appears to be. Journal editors reveal the top reasons a manuscript gets published. Tips for Authors from the creative writing courses in college Publishing Connect Training Webcasts Channel. A journal editor reveals the format in research paper top reasons so many manuscripts don’t make it to in the social and behavioral the peer review process. 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